Adobe (ADBE) Q3 FY2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Date: September 11, 2025 | Source: Investing.com (full verbatim transcript)

---

Operator: Good day, and welcome to the Q3 FY25 Adobe earnings conference call. Today's conference is being recorded. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Doug Clark, Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Doug Clark (Vice President, Investor Relations, Adobe): Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us. With me on the call today are Shantanu Narayen, Adobe's Chair and CEO; David Wadhwani, President of Digital Media; Anil Chakravarthy, President of Digital Experience; and Dan Durn, Executive Vice President and CFO. On this call, which is being recorded, we will discuss Adobe's third quarter fiscal year 2025 financial results. You can find our press release, as well as PDFs of our prepared remarks and financial results on Adobe's Investor Relations website. The information discussed on this call, including our financial targets and product plans, is as of today, September 11, and contains forward-looking statements that involve risk, uncertainty, and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those set forth in these statements. For more information on those risks, please review today's earnings release and Adobe's SEC filings. On this call, we will discuss GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures.

Our reported results include GAAP growth rates and non-GAAP growth rates, including constant currency rates. During this presentation, Adobe's executives will refer to constant currency growth rates unless otherwise stated. Non-GAAP reconciliations are available in our earnings release and on Adobe's Investor Relations website. I will now turn the call over to Shantanu.

Shantanu Narayen (Chair and CEO, Adobe): Thanks, Doug. Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us. Adobe had another strong quarter and delivered double-digit top-line growth and profitability. In Q3, we achieved record revenue of $5.99 billion, representing 10% year-over-year growth. GAAP earnings per share for the quarter was $4.18, and non-GAAP earnings per share was $5.31, representing 14% year-over-year growth. AI represents a tectonic technology shift and presents the biggest opportunity for Adobe in decades. Our strategy to harness AI is focused on infusing it across our category-leading applications to provide more value and deliver innovative, new AI-first products. We've done a great job executing this strategy by accelerating innovation with a focus on offering greater value to creative and marketing professionals and business professionals and consumers. Creativity has always been core to the company's mission.

We're infusing AI across our flagship Creative Cloud applications, including Photoshop, Illustrator, Premiere Pro, and After Effects, and delivering new offerings for next-generation creators with Adobe Firefly across web and mobile. We're delivering an end-to-end ideation-to-creation solution in the new Firefly application to make it the single destination for creators' workflows. It includes our own first-party, commercially safe models and leading third-party models. We are seeing strong adoption of the standalone Firefly subscription offering. We recently added Google Gemini Flash 2.5 alongside Google's Veo and Imagen models to the roster of partner models from OpenAI, Black Forest Labs, Runway, Pika, Ideogram, and others. In the rapidly evolving AI landscape, where each generative AI model has its own aesthetic style, we're offering customers choice and flexibility to use the right model within Adobe applications without the friction of switching between workflows and platforms.

AI is now deeply integrated across our flagship applications and Creative Cloud, giving creators everything they need to bring their creative visions to life all in one workflow. We're seeing strong adoption of the Creative Cloud Pro offering, which includes Firefly, reflecting the value professionals see in having AI integrated with power and precision creative tools. Simply put, Adobe is the operating system for creative work. Adobe combines creativity and marketing in the enterprise, offering the most differentiated solution to serve the growing needs of creative and marketing professionals. Adobe Gen Studio is the most comprehensive solution that brings together workflow and planning, creation and production, asset management, activation and delivery, and reporting and insights to enable marketing automation with AI in the enterprise.

Our Workfront, Frame, AEM Assets, Firefly Services, and Gen Studio for Performance Marketing products, which are key components of the integrated Gen Studio solution, now exceed $1 billion in ARR, growing over 25% year over year. Customers are leveraging the rich data and customer knowledge in Adobe Experience Platform to enable agentic workflows to scale the capabilities of Adobe's category-leading customer experience orchestration applications. We're seeing continued adoption and momentum for Adobe Experience Platform AI Assistant, with 70% of eligible AEP customers leveraging this functionality. As AI transforms consumer behavior, it's reinventing marketing and customer experience. Brand discovery is shifting from primarily search to include generative engine optimization. AI becomes the new UI, guided by conversations rather than menu clicks. Brands must deliver hyper-personalized, immersive experiences on own channels to drive engagement and loyalty.

In this new reality, Adobe uniquely offers an integrated customer experience platform that delivers automation, agility, and scale. The explosion of content creation and automation in the enterprise and the beginning of new marketing needs, such as LLM optimization and LLM advertising, are a massive opportunity for Adobe. We're infusing AI into Adobe Experience Manager with our upcoming LLM Optimizer release, a powerful agentic app to improve brand visibility, drive acquisition, and maintain engagement with customers across LLM platforms. For business professionals and consumers, we're integrating creativity with productivity for billions of users with the recent launch of Acrobat Studio, which brings together Acrobat and Express. PDF has been the global standard for digital documents for over 30 years and continues to grow. We're evolving Acrobat from a leading document productivity app to a first-of-its-kind destination for people to get insights faster, create standout content, and collaborate more seamlessly.

The new Acrobat Studio includes PDF Spaces, which transforms collections of PDFs, web pages, and other files into dynamic knowledge hubs that help people work smarter and faster using Acrobat AI Assistant to derive insights. We're seeing steady growth across our family of Acrobat and Express products, with combined monthly active users growing approximately 25% year over year. Adobe is the leader in the AI creative applications category. Our AI-influenced ARR has now surpassed $5 billion, up from over $3.5 billion exiting fiscal year 2024, and we've already surpassed our full-year AI-first ending ARR target. Given our customer-focused growth strategy, product innovation, strong go-to-market execution, and the momentum in our business, we're pleased to once again raise our FY25 revenue and EPS targets. I'll now turn it over to David Wadhwani and Ann Lewnes to discuss the momentum in our business.

David Wadhwani (President of Digital Media, Adobe): Thanks, Shantanu. Hello, everyone. In Q3, Digital Media achieved revenue of $4.46 billion, which grew 11% year over year. We exited the quarter with $18.59 billion of Digital Media ARR, growing ending ARR 11.7% year over year. Our Business Professionals and Consumers customer group had another strong quarter. The introduction of Acrobat AI Assistant brought a new conversational interface that enhances the experience of customers consuming PDFs. This unlocks increased comprehension across trillions of PDFs in the world. We continue to see accelerated use of AI Assistant across desktop, web, and mobile. Our vision is to harness the power of generative AI and conversational experiences to fundamentally reshape how knowledge is discovered, synthesized, and shared. We're executing on our strategy to extend the role of PDF and Acrobat by delivering a cohesive experience that empowers individuals to effortlessly move from content consumption in Acrobat to content creation in Express.

We've expanded our strategy with the introduction of PDF Spaces, a new foundation for content consumption and creation. PDF Spaces reimagines how people work with documents, transforming static files into dynamic, collaborative knowledge hubs. Users can leverage PDF Spaces to organize documents and links, discover insights faster through conversational experiences, and enable editing and remixing of PDF content into new formats like emails and presentations. I'm particularly excited that anyone can easily create agents to perform document tasks on their behalf. Customers can use PDF Spaces with team members for more impactful knowledge sharing and collaboration. The combination of PDF Spaces, AI Assistant, and an integrated Express experience is available through Acrobat Studio, a new premium offer in our Acrobat lineup. Early reception of Acrobat Studio has been strong, with encouraging adoption and usage trends that highlight the significant customer demand and opportunity ahead.

We're seeing rapid adoption of Adobe Express. In the enterprise, Express is helping organizations scale content creation while maintaining brand consistency and quality. A great example is Dentsu, which has made Express a core part of its global marketing strategy. Adobe's platform is being rolled out to all 68,000 employees worldwide and scaled across brands including Carrot, iProspect, DentsuX, Dentsu Creative, Tag, and Merkle. By enabling creative teams to build content in Creative Cloud and share that content through Express within an overall Gen Studio solution, Dentsu ensures brand alignment across global teams while empowering marketers to create and remix their own content. Other business highlights include ending units of Acrobat AI Assistant grew more than 40% quarter over quarter, and AI Assistant engagement with conversations and summarizations grew nearly 50% quarter over quarter.

Acrobat Mobile ending ARR grew more than 30% year over year. Over 14,000 organizations added Express in Q3 alone, a 4x increase in the quarter versus a year ago. Express usage within Acrobat nearly doubled quarter over quarter. New Express integrations in Q3 include LinkedIn, Miro, and Premier League. Over an 80% year-over-year increase in the number of students with access to Express Premium plans. We signed a partnership with the state of California to help prepare high school and college students across the California State University system for careers in AI by providing them with access to Express, Acrobat AI Assistant, and Firefly. Key customer wins include Allegis Group, DSV, FedEx, Intuit, KKR, Lloyds Bank, Lockheed Martin, Provincial Government of Ontario, the State Government of Virginia, and Vivendi. Our creative business had a strong quarter.

Creativity has never been more important, and we continue to lead by delivering the next generation of innovations to empower creative professionals and creators. As demand for content accelerates, our strategy is centered on making creativity more accessible, more intelligent, and more impactful. We're doing this by deeply integrating AI into our flagship applications, expanding creativity through new apps like Firefly, and providing powerful automation to help customers scale their work. We are continuing to infuse AI into our flagship applications like Photoshop, Premiere Pro, and Illustrator to help onboard new users more quickly and make existing users far more productive. Recent examples include the addition of a new Harmonize feature in Photoshop that blends composited objects with the image by automatically adjusting lighting, colors, and shadows.

Harmonize has quickly become one of the most used features in Photoshop. We released Project Turntable, a popular sneak from Max last year, into Illustrator, which helps users rotate their 2D artwork to accurately visualize different angles, eliminating a frequent and time-consuming task. Innovations like these directly translate into measurable value for customers by cutting production times, enabling more content output, and raising the overall quality of creative work, and have driven strong migration to our new Creative Cloud Pro offer. The Firefly app is a powerful yet accessible AI production studio that helps creators deliver original content faster than ever before. In Q3, we added a slew of new capabilities, including avatar generation, sound effects generation, and updates to the growing list of integrated generative models.

Firefly provides access to Adobe's commercially safe generative AI models alongside a growing list of leading third-party models, including Google's Imagen, Veo, and Gemini Flash 2.5, OpenAI's GPT-Image, as well as Flux, Runway, Ideogram, Pika, and Ray-2, to name a few. This is enabling the Firefly app to be the go-to destination for content generation and editing for both creators using Adobe products for the first time, as well as creative professionals who have been using Creative Cloud applications for years. We're delivering incredibly powerful automated content production capabilities through Firefly services to enterprises of all sizes and across all verticals. These agentic services leverage custom models to automate and personalize image, video, and 3D content for marketing campaigns, ad creation, and post-production video work, all while maintaining brand consistency. Additionally, we delivered a no-code interface that extends the power of Firefly services to studio and design teams.

Firefly services are available through Gen Studio, as well as to individuals through Firefly app subscriptions. Consumption of Firefly services and custom models grew 32% and 68% quarter over quarter, respectively. Other business highlights include continued new user acquisition of Creative Cloud with particular strength in emerging markets like India, which grew ending units 50% year over year. Millions of downloads of the Firefly app for mobile since launch. Firefly app MAU grew 30% quarter over quarter. Firefly app continues to attract next-gen creators with first-time Adobe subscribers through the app growing 20% quarter over quarter. Generative AI consumption accelerated with 29 billion generations and video generations growing nearly 40% quarter over quarter. Key enterprise wins include Disney, FedEx, Home Depot, Meta, MetLife, Stagwell, Alta, and Volkswagen. We're excited to welcome our community at Adobe Max next month. We'll showcase incredible innovations that highlight amazing productivity features in our flagship Creative Cloud applications, breakthrough AI capabilities leveraging Firefly and third-party models, new agentic experiences for conversational editing, and significant strides in content production automation for enterprises. I'll now turn it over to Anil.

Anil Chakravarthy (President of Digital Experience, Adobe): Thanks, David, and hello, everyone. Digital Experience had a strong Q3, achieving revenue of $1.48 billion for the quarter. Subscription revenue in the quarter was $1.37 billion, representing 11% YoY growth, making us the largest software provider in our category. Our success has been driven by having the most comprehensive solution for digital marketing and customer experience, enabling the world's largest brands to deliver personalized experiences at scale. AI is changing consumer behavior and transforming how businesses engage with consumers. Our most recent Adobe Digital Index data, which is based on online transactions across over 1 trillion visits to U.S. retail sites, shows that LLM traffic grew 4,700% YoY in July 2025. The rapid changes in consumer behavior and expectations in the era of AI are forcing brands to reinvent marketing and customer experience. Customer acquisition is being disrupted as brand discovery shifts from link-based search results to include LLMs.

Brands need to win visibility through LLMs by providing machine-readable content and real-time updates while strengthening their direct relationship with their consumers. With the rise of conversational interfaces, consumers increasingly expect that they can accomplish any interaction with a brand through a single interface. Hyper-personalization and immersive experiences will attract consumers to owned channels like websites and mobile apps, enabling brands to drive deeper customer engagement and loyalty. Enterprises need an end-to-end integrated customer experience orchestration platform to achieve the scale, automation, agility, and efficiency required in the era of AI. Adobe is uniquely positioned to help businesses orchestrate and deliver personalized customer experiences by fusing creativity, marketing, and agentic AI.

Our AI-first and AI-infused solutions, spanning Gen Studio for content supply chain, Adobe Experience Platform and apps for customer engagement and loyalty, and Adobe Experience Manager and LLM Optimizer for brand visibility and discovery, enable us to power customer experience orchestration in the era of agentic AI. We're seeing accelerating adoption and usage of Adobe Gen Studio, the most comprehensive content supply chain solution, as enterprises drive content velocity with AI. New capabilities in Adobe Gen Studio for Performance Marketing are accelerating video and display ad campaign creation. Marketers will be able to produce engaging short-form video ads using the commercially safe Firefly video model. We released new capabilities for display ad campaigns, including on-brand image generation with Firefly, as well as offerings with Amazon Ads, Google Campaign Manager 360, LinkedIn, and Meta to power seamless campaign workflows.

We are innovating on our leading Adobe Experience Platform marketing and customer experience platform with built-in agentic functionality, empowering marketers to deliver digital experiences with greater agility and efficiency. Our intelligent agents understand intent, reason, and recommend actions to drive outcomes across content, data, and journeys. Purpose-built agents are embedded in our core apps and new AI-first applications, helping brands unlock greater efficiency and precision, automate workflows, and personalize experiences at scale. We launched the first phase of Adobe Experience Platform Agent Orchestrator in Q3, empowering businesses to build, manage, and orchestrate AI agents from Adobe and third parties. These capabilities power the Data Insights Agent and Product Support Agent, which are generally available now and add to our growing portfolio of agents. Our newest innovation is Adobe LLM Optimizer, available in early access.

As customers and prospects increasingly turn to generative AI search and assistance for brand discovery, LLM Optimizer helps shape how brands show up in results, which is driving influence, visibility, and qualified traffic. Other business highlights include strong demand for Adobe Experience Platform and native apps, with Q3 subscription revenue growing over 40% year over year. Continued adoption and momentum for Adobe Experience Platform AI Assistant, with 70% of eligible Adobe Experience Platform customers using AI Assistant. Expanded partnership announcements at Cannes, including Accenture, Dentsu, IBM, Infosys, Omnicom, and Publicis. Industry analyst recognition, including being named a leader in two Forrester Wave reports for customer data platforms for B2B and digital analytics solutions, as well as two IDC Marketscapes for worldwide AI-enabled marketing platforms for enterprise and mid-size customers. Strong 60% year-over-year growth in cross-cloud deals, demonstrating the value of the Adobe integrated platform, including Gen Studio.

Over 40% of our top 50 enterprise accounts doubled their ARR spend since the start of FY2023. Key global customer wins include Amgen, Australia Post, Dick's Sporting Goods, Disney, FedEx, Intuit, Lloyds Bank, Macy's, MetLife, Microsoft, Morgan Stanley, Qatar Airways, and Stagwell. We are excited to showcase our latest innovations, including AI-first apps and AI-infused products at Max next month. These advancements further strengthen our position as the leader in customer experience orchestration in the era of agentic AI. I'll now pass it to Dan.

Dan Durn (Executive Vice President and CFO, Adobe): Thanks, Anil. Today, I'll start by summarizing Adobe's performance in Q3, fiscal 2025, highlighting growth drivers across our businesses, and I'll finish with our targets. In Q3, we exceeded our targets and once again delivered double-digit top-line and EPS growth. We're driving demand by infusing AI into our category-leading solutions, as well as delivering new AI-first products across business professionals and consumers, creative professionals and creators, and marketing professionals. Adobe achieved revenue of $5.99 billion, which represents 11% year-over-year growth as reported, or 10% in constant currency. GAAP-diluted earnings per share in Q3 was $4.18, and non-GAAP-diluted earnings per share was $5.31, reflecting 11% and 14% year-over-year growth, respectively. Adobe AI-influenced ARR surpassed $5 billion, and we expect it to continue to rise as a percent of our business.

Notably, ARR from our new AI-first products, including Firefly, Acrobat AI Assistant, and Gen Studio for Performance Marketing, has already achieved our end-of-year target of over $250 million. Third-quarter business and financial highlights included digital media revenue of $4.46 billion, digital media ending ARR of $18.59 billion, growing 11.7% year over year, digital experience revenue of $1.48 billion, cash flows from operations of $2.20 billion, which is a record for Q3. Exiting the quarter, remaining performance obligations were $20.44 billion, growing 13% year over year, or 12% in constant currency, and CRPO growing 10% as reported and in constant currency. In our digital media segment, we achieved 12% year-over-year revenue growth as reported, or 11% in constant currency.

We exited the quarter with digital media ARR growing 11.7% year-over-year in constant currency, driven by strong demand for higher-value AI-infused offerings, including Creative Cloud Pro and Acrobat, as well as AI-first products, including Firefly and Acrobat AI Assistant. Within digital media, Q3 growth drivers for business professionals and consumers included monthly active users of Acrobat and Express grew approximately 25% year over year, fueling our freemium growth strategy. Strong usage and monetization of our Acrobat offerings, including AI Assistant and our newly launched Acrobat Studio. A 4x increase in businesses adding Express in the quarter versus a year ago. Robust performance in the education sector, driven by access to Express, Acrobat AI Assistant, and Firefly for students, faculty, and staff. Strong ARR book of business growth across all routes to market and geographies.

Within digital media, Q3 growth drivers for creative professionals and creators included increasing demand and usage of AI innovation in our flagship applications like Photoshop, Premiere Pro, and Illustrator as part of our new Creative Cloud Pro offering. Strong new subscription adoption of the Firefly app by individuals and Firefly services by enterprises. Support of Firefly and third-party models in Creative Cloud applications drove accelerating generative AI usage quarter over quarter. Turning to our digital experience segment, in Q3, we achieved revenue of $1.48 billion, which represents 9% year-over-year growth as reported and in constant currency. Digital experience subscription revenue was $1.37 billion, growing 11% year over year as reported and in constant currency.

Within digital experience, Q3 growth drivers for marketing professionals included Adobe Experience Platform and apps ending ARR growing greater than 40% year over year as enterprises focus on delivering personalization at scale for customer engagement. Strong adoption of Adobe Experience Manager, including Sites Optimizer, as marketers increase relevancy of their owned websites across both search and LLM platforms. Increasing demand for Gen Studio, our comprehensive content supply chain solution, as enterprises drive content velocity and AI automation. Continued strength in customer retention and expansion and strong execution in deals over $1 million across key verticals and geographies. For the business professionals and consumers group, subscription revenue was $1.65 billion, which represents 15% year-over-year growth as reported, or 14% in constant currency. For the creative and marketing professionals group, subscription revenue was $4.12 billion, which represents 11% year-over-year growth or 10% in constant currency.

In the enterprise, at the intersection of creativity and marketing, Adobe's integrated and AI-infused solutions are transforming the entire content supply chain. We are driving strong adoption of our automation solutions in the enterprise with Gen Studio. Our Workfront, Frame, Adobe Experience Manager Assets, Firefly Services, and Gen Studio for Performance Marketing products, which are key components of the integrated Gen Studio solution, now exceed $1 billion in ARR, growing over 25% year over year. In the enterprise, we delivered over 60% year-over-year growth of one Adobe deals, reflecting cross-cloud adoption and deepening strategic partnerships with our customers. Turning to other financial disclosures, Adobe's effective tax rate in Q3 was 19.0% on a GAAP basis and 18.5% on a non-GAAP basis. Our cash flow from operations in the quarter was a Q3 record of $2.20 billion, and ending cash and short-term investment position exiting Q3 was $5.94 billion.

In Q3, we entered into a share repurchase agreement totaling $2.50 billion, and we currently have $8.40 billion remaining of our $25 billion authorization granted in March 2024. Let me now turn to our financial targets, which assume current macroeconomic conditions. In Q4, FY2025, we are targeting total Adobe revenue of $6.075 to $6.125 billion, digital media segment revenue of $4.53 to $4.56 billion, digital experience segment revenue of $1.495 to $1.515 billion, digital experience subscription revenue of $1.395 to $1.410 billion, GAAP earnings per share of $4.27 to $4.32, and non-GAAP earnings per share of $5.35 to $5.40. For Q4, we expect non-GAAP operating margin of approximately 45.5% and a non-GAAP tax rate of approximately 18.5%.

Based on our momentum, we are pleased to raise our digital media ending ARR growth target, and given our Q4 targets, we are raising the full-year total revenue and GAAP and non-GAAP EPS targets. For FY25, we are now targeting total Adobe revenue of $23.65 to $23.70 billion, digital media segment revenue of $17.56 to $17.59 billion, digital media ending ARR book of business growth of 11.3% YoY, digital experience segment revenue of $5.84 to $5.86 billion, digital experience subscription revenue of $5.39 to $5.41 billion, GAAP EPS of $16.53 to $16.58, and non-GAAP EPS of $20.80 to $20.85. In summary, Adobe's Q3 performance demonstrates strong execution in an AI-first world. Our focus on product leadership and customer-centric innovation positions us to deliver durable and profitable growth. We are excited to see customers adopt and utilize our comprehensive suite of differentiated AI-first and AI-infused solutions. Looking ahead, I'm confident that our investments and strategic focus will deliver long-term shareholder value. Shantanu, back to you.

Shantanu Narayen (Chair and CEO, Adobe): Thanks, Dan. I'm extremely energized by my constant engagement with our world-class product teams and excited about our innovative roadmap to deliver Adobe Magic to an ever-increasing number of customers. In my interactions with companies around the world, it's clear that they're investing in Adobe as their mission-critical creative AI technology partner. I look forward to seeing you at Adobe Max, where we will showcase incredible innovations across creativity, marketing, and AI, and host an investor Q&A session. Thank you, and we will now take your questions. Operator?

Questions & Answers

Keith Weiss (Morgan Stanley): Excellent. Thank you guys for taking the question, and great to see the full-year numbers heading up and in the right direction. Two questions for you, if I may. One, just on the demo that you guys gave on that video at the beginning, really highlighting the Adobe Magic with what you're doing with Nano Banana and being able to manipulate images like that. Can you help us understand what part of that is the diffusion engine coming from Nano Banana, and what part of that is the Adobe infrastructure underneath that enables that fine-grained manipulation? And then a broader concern that I've heard from investors is really about advertising platforms like Google or Meta putting diffusion engines in their ad platforms directly. Can you help us understand what % of your customer base would be those single-channel marketers for which that might actually be a risk to Adobe?

David Wadhwani (President of Digital Media, Adobe): I'll start off, Keith, and then hand it to Shantanu and Anil for the second part. We're very excited about the work we're doing with Google and, frankly, all the third-party model partners that we're having. Our strategy in terms of what we do in our Creative Cloud applications and in our Firefly applications is to really differentiate on two things. One is choice, and two is integrations. Regarding choice, we want to make sure that all third-party models are available. You saw our announcements with Google and Nano Banana, OpenAI, Flux, Runway, Luma, Ideogram. The list continues to grow. We actually launched Nano Banana on the day that it was released as part of the Firefly application, and now we're integrating it into Creative Cloud Pro. The second part is the integrations. We have a lot of workflows that we pull into the model. People are using Nano Banana with Photoshop, blending the precision and the control you get with Photoshop and combining it with the generative capabilities of Nano Banana. The sustained value, the differentiated value, is really that workflow. To be able to generate something or capture something, bring it through precise updates, take it to a video model that might be ours or someone else's, add sound effects from a different video model, and then do the fine precision actioning. That mix of things is where we think the magic will happen.

Shantanu Narayen (Chair and CEO, Adobe): Maybe Keith, just to add to that, what David said, the magic is clearly in our applications because we can take all of the models that exist and integrate that within our interface. That's a completely non-trivial task of what we have done to build. That was actually the rationale for building Firefly because we understand whether they're diffusion or transformer models better than I think anybody can in the creative application. On your second question, as it relates to how people are going to create and run campaigns and ad placements in all of these different platforms, I think you're going to see some small and medium businesses use it. I think all of the larger companies, what we continue to hear in the enterprises, they want the ability to create campaigns, run it across multiple channels, see the attribution, as well as see what we can do in terms of the analysis. In addition to that, all those advertising channels that you talked about are really excited about Adobe making it seamless, which is why you've seen in the Gen Studio for Performance Marketing the support for third-party channels, whether that's TikTok, Meta, Google, Amazon, all of that.

Brad Sills (Bank of America): Oh, wonderful. Thank you so much for taking the question here. Really great to see that you're exceeding that target for the full year of $250 million ARR from AI-first products. There's a lot in there, and it would be great to get some color from you as to which component of that is driving the upside and where are you seeing the strength in those AI-first products.

Shantanu Narayen (Chair and CEO, Adobe): Yeah, I think, Brad, what we were trying to do at the analyst meeting was just to show that we are not only delivering just tremendous innovation in our products, but frankly, the monetization of that, whether that's in the existing products or whether it's in new products, is something that we're focused on and doing a really great job. On the influence revenue, which includes things like Creative Cloud and the usage of Creative Cloud, what we are seeing in Acrobat, what you're seeing in Express, what you're seeing in the DX solutions that include AI, it was nice to see. We're very conservative there in terms of what we do for the users. That exceeded $5 billion. I think as it relates to the second part, which is AI-first, Firefly Services, Gen Studio, the overarching Gen Studio solution is definitely seeing a lot of great adoption, AI Assistant and Acrobat, and everything that we're doing associated with AI Acrobat. Really, across all of them, we've seen significant momentum and easily crossed the $250 million mark. I'm really pleased with how that is. The North Star, clearly for us, is we want AI-infused in every dollar of revenue that we're providing, and I think we're doing a great job against that.

John Jansworder (for Brent Thill, Jefferies): Hi, thank you. I have two questions. I'm just wondering if you could shed a little bit of light on the mix of the AI credit usage between your own Firefly-based solution and third party, whether you're seeing any pickup from the third-party models and how users are responding. On the LLM Optimizer, I'm wondering whether you've used that Adobe internally and any impact on the top of funnel and conversion.

[Remaining Q&A continues with AI-model mix/generative credits, LLM Optimizer, Creative Cloud Pro pricing, Acrobat Studio adoption, and FY25/FY26 ARR-momentum questions.]

Operator: Thank you. That does conclude today's conference. We do thank you for your participation. Have an excellent day.